David R. Gruber (Communication Studies) has published a book chapter titled, "Sniff the Air and Settle In: Bullshit, Rhetorical Listening, and the Copenhagen School's Approach to Despicable Nonsense." The chapter reviews existing work on the rhetoric of "bullshitting" and argues that we do yet not have a very good answer regarding what to do about bullshitters; however, the chapter suggests that there are many possible approaches depending on the function of the "bullshitting" in the immediate context. One overarching and important approach is listening for what the audience fails to see as "bullshit" and then understanding the undercurrent of deeply held values that sustains a willingness to "sniff it up." The chapter appears in Rhetorical Argumentation: The Copenhagen School, edited by Christian Kock and Marcus Lantz and published by Windsor Studies in Argumentation.
